CRYPTO 1989

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFCYPTOZOQL0GY CRYPTOZOOLOGY

Tl!Oy L. Best Depment of Zoology and Wildlife Science Auburn University J Auburn, Alabama -36849, U.S.A.

LA TIMER/A CHAL UMNAE SMITH The Editor is pleased to present this special guest article on the discovery of the coelacanth by the discoverer herself, Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer, retired director ofthe East London Museum. Miss Courtenay-Latimer, Hon. Doc. Phil., an Honorary Member of the Internationa

The Editor is pleased to present this special guest article on the discovery of the coelacanth by the discoverer herself, Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer, retired director ofthe East London Museum. Miss Courtenay-Latimer, Hon. Doc. Phil., an Honorary Member of the International Society of Cryptozoology s

M. Justin Wilkinso (geology/geomorphology) Solar System Ex_ploration Department Loc.kheed Enginnering and Sci.ces Co. Mail Code C2}

Houston, Texas 77058, U.S A. Special Guest Article in Celebration of the 50th 6 Lake Street, Vincent, 5247 East London, Republic of South Africa

FIG. 2. - Captain Hendrik Goosen in the 1 930's, when his nets brought up the "strange fish" which was saved for the author. (East London Museum.) while, and then said: "Well, if you don't mind the wait, I can bring in one case at a time as we return to port." How grateful I was to him. True to his

whom I had asked to keep the internal organs and tissues, but, alas, he said that, with the heat and length of time, they had been discarded after 1 2 days. He was also having difficulty with the skin, which was very oily and now a dark brown in color because of the formalin. January 19, 1939. At la

BETWEEN CLASSICISTS AND CRYPTOZOOLOGISTS ADRIENNE MAYOR Center for Hellenic Studies, 3100 Whitehaven Street, NW, Washington, D. C. 20008, U.S.A., and 415 W. Harrison Street, Bozeman, Montana 597 1 5, U.S.A.

ADRIENNE MAYOR Center for Hellenic Studies, 3100 Whitehaven Street, NW, Washington, D. C. 20008, U.S.A., and 415 W. Harrison Street, Bozeman, Montana 597 1 5, U.S.A. ABsTRAcr: Paleocryptozoologists should become aware of the extensive body of

Center for Hellenic Studies, 3100 Whitehaven Street, NW, Washington, D. C. 20008, U.S.A., and 415 W. Harrison Street, Bozeman, Montana 597 1 5, U.S.A. ABsTRAcr: Paleocryptozoologists should become aware of the extensive body of ancient textual and archaeological evidence for Mediterranean crypto-ani

(Janis 1 98 7 : 1 0, 22). Indeed, modem archaeological field reports refer to "exotic" faunal remains in many Mediterranean sites, but survey teams tend to pay little attention to anomalous or extinct remains (Reese 1 98 5). If these obscure reports were cataloged, interesting cryptozoological patte

The many "unknown" animals in ancient texts and artifacts are carefully recorded by classical scholars according to date, mythological or artistic tyle, and place of origin. The characteristics of the narratives and artifacts could be keyed into established or new cryptozoological classes. These ty

Hundreds of quadruped predators with bird- or lizard-like features exist in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern artifacts, although cryptozoologists are aware of only a few frequently published illustrations of "griffins." An cient Greek and Latin descriptions of griffin habitat, behavior, and appear

The accounts (e.g. , Pausanias, Pliny, Apollodorus) of "hairy wild men and women" encountered in antiquity have not been analyzed from a crypto zoological point of view (Costello 1 979: 62). Analysis should consider literary sources in relation to artistic representations; for example, the Scythian

FIG. 1 . - Six examples of the scores of Archaic bronze "griffin" heads from the Temple of Hera, ca. 7th-6th century B.C., Samos, Greece. They range from brutish and bulky, apparently "realistic" depictions, to elegant renditions in which some details have evolved into decorative motifs; yet certain

The Greek island of Samos exemplifies the richness of the unanalyzed data discussed in this article. Ancient literature, folklore, and artifacts, and modem archaeology and paleontology intersect in ways that could benefit from the kind of collaboration suggested here. Since at least the 5th century

REFERENCES CITED OF ANTIQUITY AS AN EXAMPLE OF SOME Andrews, Roy Chapman 1 926 On the Trail of Ancient Man. London: Putnam's Sons. Ball, Valentine

Andrews, Roy Chapman 1 926 On the Trail of Ancient Man. London: Putnam's Sons. Ball, Valentine 1 88 3 The Identification of the Pygmies, the Martikhora, the Griffin, and the Dikarion of Ktesias. The Academy (London), Vol.. 23(5 1 2): 277.

Sources (700 B.C. to 5 50 A.D.) for the sea monster (a complete list of every ancient Greek source can be produced by the TLG IBYCUS system): CRYPTOZOOLOGY

"HAIRY MAN" (YAHOO) DATA MALcOLM SMITH No. 7, Twenty- Third Avenue, Brighton, Brisbane, Queensland 4017, A ustralia ABsTRAcr: Reports of "hairy men" (Yahoos) in Australia for the period 1 87 11 9 1 2 are examined. The relatively small number of eyewitness accounts are char

MALcOLM SMITH No. 7, Twenty- Third Avenue, Brighton, Brisbane, Queensland 4017, A ustralia ABsTRAcr: Reports of "hairy men" (Yahoos) in Australia for the period 1 87 11 9 1 2 are examined. The relatively small number of eyewitness accounts are char acterized by a low level of detail, conflicting de

they could just as easily be the result of the human imagination's well-known propensity to create manlike monsters. The settler beliefs are also of limited value. They are presumably depen dent on original sightings, but the information content would have deteri orated in the transmission. The be

The first thing one notices about most of the reports is the remarkable lack of detail. Many consist of just a sentence or two, and even longer descriptions are vague. In the case of the Braidwood beast, for example, where a dead female body was available for inspection, the witnesses ne glected to

What is to be made of all this? Before this question can be answered a number of factors must be considered. The first is the quality of the evidence. Experience shows that, in the face of the unknown, people's perceptions are often heavily influenced by social expectations, and are frequently sensa

Alice Springs. - Relatives of a family chased by a huge "half-man, half-beast" in the central Australian desert are convinced they saw a monster, despite police having arrested a man nearby. Alice Springs woman Phyllis Kenny, her four grand-children and friend Frank Burns, were chased by what they d

Recluse's Bizarre Forest Lifestyle Sydney .-Police hunting the Woronara apeman have been told the "creature" is a Yugoslav hermit known as "Rambo" who has been living in a national park for years. "It's not an apeman, it's 'Rambo,' " the locals of the Heathcote Inn said today. The "Rambo" tag refers

Let us now examine each of the eyewitness accounts, beginning with the [9] A four line article which simply states: "The animal, if such it be, has the appearance of a huge monkey or baboon, and is somewhat larger than a man." This description is too bare for any conclusions to be reached. [ 1 5] Tw

INTO SASQUATCH EVIDENCE P.O. Box 374, Harrison Hot Springs, British Columbia VOM 1KO, Canada ABsTRAcr: Consistent failure to persuade zoologists or anthropologists to in vestigate Sasquatch phenomena may be explained by the fact that most of the

P.O. Box 374, Harrison Hot Springs, British Columbia VOM 1KO, Canada ABsTRAcr: Consistent failure to persuade zoologists or anthropologists to in vestigate Sasquatch phenomena may be explained by the fact that most of the available evidence consists of eyewitness testimony, which scientists are not

argue that the mass of Sasquatch material laymen have assembled should be sufficient to interest at least some scientists in taking up the matter. After so many years, however, it should be obvious that they are not going to do so. Therefore, why not try something else? One of the basic problems fac

Perhaps eyewitness testimony is not of much value. There are grounds for argument about that. But the important point here is that a certain profes sional segment of society does not consider it worthless. These people deal with testimony all the time, and, furthermore, consider it very important i

Maybe it is time to do something to change that. What I would like to propose is that a government, any maj or government, hold an official inquiry into the possible existence of the Sasquatch within its territory. A commis sion composed not primarily of scientists (although it would not hurt to ha

This would all cost money, of course; a lot of it. But would anyone rea sonably argue that it would be money wasted? For those who think it would be a waste, would it be as much of a waste as the inquiry held in Canada recently which attempted to determine whether top athletes use steroids? That co

This approach is practical. It is far more practical, in my opinion, than trying to interest some zoologist- who never sees animals of any sort except through a microscope, or who only simulates their behavior or ecology through computer models - who knows he will be frowned on by his su periors an

METHOD OF FABRICATION DoNALD BAIRD1 Museum of Natural History, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, U.S.A. ABsTRAcr: Giant anthropoid footprints, attributed to the Sasquatch (Bigfoot)

DoNALD BAIRD1 Museum of Natural History, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, U.S.A. ABsTRAcr: Giant anthropoid footprints, attributed to the Sasquatch (Bigfoot) and showing dermatoglyphic sculpture on the soles, are not, as claimed, incapable

Museum of Natural History, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, U.S.A. ABsTRAcr: Giant anthropoid footprints, attributed to the Sasquatch (Bigfoot) and showing dermatoglyphic sculpture on the soles, are not, as claimed, incapable of being faked. They can be fabricated by enlargement of

attributed to the Sasquatch. I merely wish to describe how such footprints can be fabricated by anyone who has such an inclination. The following materials are what are needed: In the late 1 9 30's, von Fuehrer used to impress the audiences at his Carnegie Museum lectures by holding up the wing of a

YEREN- THE WILDMAN OF CHINA J. RICHARD GREENWELL P.O. Box 43070, Tucson, Arizona 85733, U.S.A. FRANK E. POIRIER Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University,

J. RICHARD GREENWELL P.O. Box 43070, Tucson, Arizona 85733, U.S.A. FRANK E. POIRIER Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A.

PHOTOGRAPHY EXPERIMENTS AT LOCH NESS, 1 989 HAROLD E . EDGERTON, 1 CHARLEs W. WYCKOFF AND ROBERT H . RINEs Academy of Applied Science, 2 White Street, Concord, New Hampshire 03301, U.S.A., and Department of Electrical Engineering,

HAROLD E . EDGERTON, 1 CHARLEs W. WYCKOFF AND ROBERT H . RINEs Academy of Applied Science, 2 White Street, Concord, New Hampshire 03301, U.S.A., and Department of Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,

Academy of Applied Science, 2 White Street, Concord, New Hampshire 03301, U.S.A. INTRODUCfiON The possible existence of large, unidentified aquatic animals in Scotland's Loch Ness still intrigues investigators, including members of the Academy

LOG T OF LOCH t£55 WATER AVERAGED OVER WAVELENGTH BAND OF 600 - 700 NANCM:TERS) CuRVE II (0-LOG E CVE . 2475 F I LM)

AVERAGED OVER WAVELENGTH BAND OF 600 - 700 NANCM:TERS) CuRVE II (0-LOG E CVE . 2475 F I LM)

BAND OF 600 - 700 NANCM:TERS) CuRVE II (0-LOG E CVE . 2475 F I LM)

CuRVE II (0-LOG E CVE . 2475 F I LM)

FIG. 5 . - Underwater silhouette camera exposure conditions at Loch Ness: optical density as a function of upward-looking camera depth. Kodak recording film 2475; extended red sensi tivity; 1h5 sec., f/4. 5 ; overhead sun-colored by Loch Ness water. objects - which would have been an unexpected bon

VALENTIN B. SAPUNOV Department of Control of Medical and Biological Systems, Leningrad State University, Leningrad, Petergoph 198 904, U.S.S.R. INTRODUCfiON This report summarizes the results of a recent expedition which attempted

JOSEPH W. ZARz¥NSKI P.O. Box 2134, Wilton, New York 12866, U.S.A. INTRODUCTION In 1 989, several U.S. senators announced their intention to support leg islation seeking to make Lake Champlain the U.S.A.'s sixth "Great Lake,"

P.O. Box 2134, Wilton, New York 12866, U.S.A. INTRODUCTION In 1 989, several U.S. senators announced their intention to support leg islation seeking to make Lake Champlain the U.S.A.'s sixth "Great Lake," and thus free federal funding for research and cleanup. Though Lake Cham

TE:o .STRAtTON JOSEPH ZAIUYN S K J . FI<:'. 1 . - Map of Lake Champlain, with numbers indicating the locations of the eyewitness s1ghtmgs reported to LCPI in 1 989.

IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST ]AMES A. HEWKIN 35237 A ubuchon Drive, St. Helens, Oregon 97051, U.S.A. INTRODUCfiON The author has had a continuing interest in Sasquatch reports for about

]AMES A. HEWKIN 35237 A ubuchon Drive, St. Helens, Oregon 97051, U.S.A. INTRODUCfiON The author has had a continuing interest in Sasquatch reports for about 30 years. As a wildlife biologist, he has conducted extensive fieldwork in

35237 A ubuchon Drive, St. Helens, Oregon 97051, U.S.A. INTRODUCfiON The author has had a continuing interest in Sasquatch reports for about 30 years. As a wildlife biologist, he has conducted extensive fieldwork in many parts of the Pacific Northwest, and, since 1 97 3 , has actively sought

1194 Robson Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E JB2, Canada Okanagan Lake is a large body of water in south-central British Columbia, a western Canadian province. Since early settler times, the lake has been the source of many reports of large, unidentified animals or "lake monsters," known gene

On July 29, Messrs. Kirk and Kirk carried out fieldwork at Peachland which affords sweeping views of the lake in an area that has produced plethora of sighting reports. Observation was made simple by the absence of wind and cloud in the area, and visibility was excellent for a distance of 1 2 mile

Department of Geology Museum of Northern A rizona Flagstaff, Arizona 86001, U.S.A. Monster Wrecks ofLoch Ness and Lake Champlain. By Joseph W. Zarzynski . M-Z Information (P.O. Box 2 1 29), Wilton, New York, 1 986. 1 1 1 pp.

12 Runwell Terrace Southend-on-Sea Essex SSJ JHA, England, U.K. Ogopogo: The True Story of the Okanagan Lake Million Dollar Monster. Washington, 1 986. 1 28 pp. C$6 . 9 5 (p.).

s and Metho d of (Comm ent on Bernard Heuve lmans , 1 98 8 , The Source

, Vol. 7 : 1 2 1 ) (Comment on Bernard Heuve lmans, 1 98 8 , Cryptozoology research in Heuvelmans gives an excellent overview of how to approach this field. He rightly stresses that it requires not only a thoroug

(Response to Raynal and Winn) To clear up any misunderstandings, I first want to state that I have the greatest respect for scientists who investigate seriously such phenomena as extrasensory perception (ESP), unidentified flying objects (UFO's), cosmic infl u ences, homeopathy, etc., which cannot b

(Comment on John Colarusso, 1 98 8 , Waitoreke, the New Zealand "Otter": A Linguistic Solution to a Cryptozoological Problem, Cryptozoology, Vol. Just as I previously stressed the exemplarity of Christine Janis' contri butions to an archaeological approach to cryptozoology (Christine Janis 1 987, F

(Comment on John Colarusso, 1 98 8 , Cryptozoology, Vol. 7 : 46-60) R search on the cryptofauna of New Zealand is apparently enjoying a renaissance. Reference to Cryptozoology and The ISC Newsletter of recent years attests to this fact. Two papers published in 1 988 (which, coinciden tally, I rece

(Comment on John Colarusso, 1 988, Cryptozoology, Vol. 7 : 46-60) Becker's linguistic analysis of the Maori words waitoreki/waitoreke and kaurehelkaureke for a nondescript, supposedly otter-like animal of New Zealand resulted in regarding the animal as a purely mythical part of Maori lore (John Beck

(Response to Heuvelmans, Bauer, and Krumbiegel and Sehm) Heuvelmans' detailing of the literature surrounding the Waitoreke is a welcome addition and corrective to the bibliography of my linguistic study. With characteristic intelligence, he appreciates the scientific force oflinguistic argument. He

THE RI/ILKAI: DUGONG CONCLUSIONS BASED ON OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE (Comment on Thomas R. Williams, 1 987, Is the Ri the Irrawaddy Dolphin?, Cryptozoology, Vol. 6: 1 49-5 1 ) (Response to Sehm) It is indeed heartening to hear that a not particularly common species of

(Comment on Thomas R. Williams, 1 987, Is the Ri the Irrawaddy Dolphin?, Cryptozoology, Vol. 6: 1 49-5 1 ) (Response to Sehm) It is indeed heartening to hear that a not particularly common species of dolphin appears to be thriving in the coastal waters off Australia's Northern

(Comment on Valentin B. Sapunov, 1 98 8 , A Mathematical Analysis of "Snowman" [Wildman] Eyewitness Reports, Cryptozoology, Vol. 7 : 6 1-65) Periodic sightings of Klingons, Romulans, and Vulcans on the T.V. series Star Trek appear to be in accord with modem concepts of ecology, population biology, a

Department of A nthropology The University of A rizona Tucson, A rizona 8572 1 , U.S.A. VALENTIN B. SAPUNOV Department of Control of Medical and Biological Systems

(Comment on Paul H. LeBlond, 1 98 8 , The Tale of an Otter?, Cryptozoology, Vol. 7 : 1 1 7- 1 8) SNOWMAN BASED ON 0BJECfiVE REALITY (Response to Zegura) Zegura mentions incorrect standard deviations in Table 1 of my article.

(Response to Zegura) Zegura mentions incorrect standard deviations in Table 1 of my article. Due to a technical misprint, the values were listed as 0.24 and 0 . 3 7 instead of 24 em and 37 cm. 1 Detailed analysis of the data suggests that the distribution of scores has

(Response to Campbell) FIG. 4. - The 1 934 Wilson photograph reversed. If the angle of view is swung clockwise (to show the opposite shore, as in the photo) then the wind must turn with it, becoming either easterly or westerly. In either case, the fetch is severely reduced. However, I have

(Comment on Colin P. Groves, 1 98 8 , On Type I and Type II Errors in

(Response to Joyner) Eventually, we get to the point where we are trying to get inside the minds of our predecessors of a century or more ago. What exactly did they mean did they have in mind when they wrote of "long arms"? When they gave a description of "brownish-red on body, legs and arms," were

(Comment on John W. Olsen, 1 986, More on the Identity of the Egyptian Animal Diety, Set, Cryptozoology, Vol. 5 : 1 30-3 1 ; Michael D. Swords, 1 986, On Set as an Egyptian Figment, Cryptozoology, Vol. 5 : 1 3 1 -3 2) Several years ago, a review article discussed the possible zoological or mythologi

(Response to Greenwell) Although I must admit that there is a superficial facial resemblance be tween the giraffe and some aspects of the Set animal, there are many reasons, I believe, to eliminate the giraffe as a candidate. First, the Egyptians seem to have known perfectly well that the giraffe w

(Comment on Michel Raynal, 1 98 8 , Persepolis: A Puzzling Case in Ar chaeological Cryptozoology, Cryptozoology, Vol. 7 : 1 02- 1 03; Christine Jan is, 1 988, Hurrah for Hyraces! , Cryptozoology, Vol. 7: 1 04- 1 06) Contrary to oft-repeated assertions by various authorities over much of the past h

262-A East University Boulevard Melbourne, Florida 32901, U. S.A. RAUL VALDEZ Department of Fishery and Wildlife Science New Mexico State University

Department of Fishery and Wildlife Science New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico 80003, U. S.A. FIG. 2 . - A male nilgai (blue bull), Boselaphus tragocamelus, from India. The authors identify this animal as that depicted at Persepolis, rather than the okapi or any other animal. (Peter

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BACK ORDER LISTING Book Reviews Les Survivants de l'Ombre [Survivors of the Shadows] (Jean-Jacques Barloy) by Eric Buffetaut; Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution (Paul S. Martin and Richard G. Klein, eds.)

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cience meets art in these twelve sonic constructions inspired by cryptozoo logical phenomena. CHAMP • NESSIE • AlMAS • YETI

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